Dory provided more documentation for the allegation that Israel used a nuclear threat:
1. "The Samson Option," by Seymour M. Hersh, 1991.
p.223 "Instead, Israel called its first nuclear alert and began arming its nuclear arsenal. And it used that alert to blackmail Washington into a major policy change."
p.318. Re threat of Scud missiles in Gulf War: "The satellite saw that Shamir [Israeli PM] had responded to the Scud barrage by ordering mobile missile launchers armed with nuclear weapons moved into the open and deployed facing Iraq, ready to launch on command."
2. "Dangerous Liaison: The Inside Story of the U.S.-Israeli Covert Relationship," by Andrew and Leslie Cockburn. 1991.
p.97 "In 1973, as Egyptian and Syrian tanks crashed through Israeli defenses in the first days of the Yom Kippur War, the White House knew that the covers had come off the nuclear silos in the Negev. American resupply planes began to pour into Israel."
3. "The Passionate Attachment: America's Involvement with Israel, 1947 to the Present," by George and Douglas Ball, 1991.
p. 113. "During the Yom Kippur War in October 1973, reports reached the American government that Israel was indeed prepared to use its nuclear arsenal. Panic-stricken by its initial reverses at the hands of the Arabs, and before the [Egyptian] army had even set foot on Israeli soil, the Israeli government ordered the arming of parts of its nuclear arsenal and the emplacement of nuclear warheads on its Jericho missiles."
p. 271. Hard as it is to estimate the precise impact of the 1973 War on the American economy, there is no disagreement that the cost of the oil boycott looms large. In reviewing American aid to Israel, former Secretary of State Cyrus Vance told the Senate Foreign relations Committee that "If only one tenth or one twentieth of these accelerated [oil] price increases could be directly ascribed to the 1973 War and the embargo, it would reflect another $15-30 billion in war-related costs." General Ira Eaker (World War II commander of Allied air Forces in the Mediterranean) was more explicit. The 1973 War, he maintained,
cost this country at least $4 billion. It used up scarce reserves of weapons and supplies. It reduced the purchasing power of American consumers. General Motors, during the embargo, laid of 65,000 workers and put 5,700 more on temporary furlough, and further depressed the entire U.S. economy since this move had repercussions on GM's 13,000 dealers and 45,000 suppliers.
4. "Israel and the American National Interest: A Critical Examination" by Dr. Cheryl A. Rubenberg, 1986.
p.2-3. "Israel and its supporters have been consistent in placing the onus for the ongoing conflict with the Arabs, and indeed most Americans have come to accept the thesis of the aggressive, warlike Arabs, ever-ready to bring about the destruction of Israel. But Israel has initiated four of the wars (1956, 1967, 1978, 1982) and has contributed significantly to the onset and/or intensification of the other three. For example, in 1973 Syria and Egypt launched a limited war against Israel in an effort to regain some of their national territory that Israel had seized in 1967 and as a means of making a strong statement regarding the unacceptability of the post-1967 status quo. In addition, while Gamal Abdul Nasser, president of Egypt, escalated hostilities along the Suez Canal in what came to be know as the War of Attrition, it was Israel's deep penetration raids; i.e., Israeli bombing and strafing of Egyptian military and civilian targets, including the suburbs of Cairo, that intensified the war and brought large quantities of Soviet equipment and personnel to Egypt."
5. "Deliberate Deceptions: Facing the FACTS about the U.S.-Israeli Relationship," by Paul Findley. 1993.
p.56. It is now clear that the Arabs went to war out of desperation to regain their land, nor, as Israel claimed, to destroy the Jewish state. Often forgotten is the fact that the 1973 war was fought, as had been the War of Attrition before, solely on occupied Arab land. No combat took place inside Israel.
Even Israeli PM Yitzhak Rabin has admitted: "The Yom Kippur War was not fought by Egypt and Syria to threaten the existence of Israel. It was an all-out use of their military force to achieve a limited political goal. What Sadat wanted by crossing the canal was to change the political reality and, thereby, to start a political process from a point more favorable to him than the one that existed. In this respect, he succeeded."
